TY - JOUR
T1 - Supplementation of Omega 3 during Pregnancy and the Risk of Preterm Birth
T2 - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AU - Serra, Ramón
AU - Peñailillo, Reyna
AU - Monteiro, Lara
AU - Monckeberg, Max
AU - Peña, Macarena
AU - Moyano, Lía
AU - Brunner, Camila
AU - Vega, Georgina
AU - Choolani, Mahesh
AU - Illanes, Sebastián
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by National Agency for Investigation and Development, ANID: FONDECYT Regular 1201851 to S.E.I.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/5/18
Y1 - 2021/5/18
N2 - Preterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal death and long-term consequences for the newborn. This review aims to update the evidence about the potential benefit of pharmacological supplementation with omega 3 fatty acids during pregnancy on the incidence of PTB. The Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Central databases were searched until 28 June 2020 for RCTs in which omega 3 supplementation was used versus placebo to reduce PTB risk. Data from 37 trials were analyzed. We found an 11% reduction in PTB risk (RR(risk ratios), 0.89; 95% CI (confidence intervals), 0.82 to 0.97) in trials using omega 3 supplements versus placebo. Regarding early PTB (ePTB), there was a 27% reduction in the risk of ePTB (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.92). However, after sensitivity analyses, there were no significant differences in PTB and ePTB risk (PTB RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.01, ePTB RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.09). We conclude that omega 3 supplementation during pregnancy does not reduce the risk of PTB and ePTB. More studies are required to determine the effect of omega 3 supplementations during pregnancy and the risk of detrimental fetal outcomes.
AB - Preterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal death and long-term consequences for the newborn. This review aims to update the evidence about the potential benefit of pharmacological supplementation with omega 3 fatty acids during pregnancy on the incidence of PTB. The Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Central databases were searched until 28 June 2020 for RCTs in which omega 3 supplementation was used versus placebo to reduce PTB risk. Data from 37 trials were analyzed. We found an 11% reduction in PTB risk (RR(risk ratios), 0.89; 95% CI (confidence intervals), 0.82 to 0.97) in trials using omega 3 supplements versus placebo. Regarding early PTB (ePTB), there was a 27% reduction in the risk of ePTB (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.92). However, after sensitivity analyses, there were no significant differences in PTB and ePTB risk (PTB RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.01, ePTB RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.09). We conclude that omega 3 supplementation during pregnancy does not reduce the risk of PTB and ePTB. More studies are required to determine the effect of omega 3 supplementations during pregnancy and the risk of detrimental fetal outcomes.
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Omega 3 supplementation
KW - Preterm birth
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105876753&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu13051704
DO - 10.3390/nu13051704
M3 - Article
C2 - 34069867
AN - SCOPUS:85105876753
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 13
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 5
M1 - 1704
ER -