@article{9e0b4c88b8514632855dedc99f108f58,
title = "Observation and modelling of vegetation spirals and arcs in isotropic environmental conditions: Dissipative structures in arid landscapes",
abstract = "We report for the first time on the formation of spirals like vegetation patterns in isotropic and uniform environmental conditions. The vegetation spirals are not waves and they do not rotate. They belong to the class of dissipative structures found out of equilibrium. Isolated or interacting spirals and arcs observed in South America (Bolivia) and North Africa (Morocco) are interpreted as a result of curvature instability that affects the circular shape of localized patches. The biomass exhibits a dynamical behaviour with arcs that transform into spirals. Interpretation of observations and of the predictions provided by the theory is illustrated by recent measurements of peculiar plant morphology (the alfa plant, or Stipa tenacissima L.) originated from Northwestern Africa and the Southern part of the Iberian Peninsula. This article is part of the theme issue {\textquoteleft}Dissipative structures in matter out of equilibrium: from chemistry, photonics and biology (part 2){\textquoteright}.",
keywords = "Dissipative structures, Localized patches, Vegetation patterns, Dissipative structures, Localized patches, Vegetation patterns",
author = "M. Tlidi and Clerc, {M. G.} and D. Escaff and P. Couteron and M. Messaoudi and M. Khaffou and A. Makhoute",
note = "Funding Information: Data accessibility. This article has no additional data. Competing interests. We declare we have no competing interests. Funding. This work is supported by F{\`e}s-Mekn{\`e}s Regional Council under grant number 2016/02/19. M.T. received support from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (Belgium). M.G.C. and M.T. acknowledge the support of CONICYT project REDES150046. Acknowledgements. Stimulating discussions with Ren{\'e} Lefever and with Jamal Ibijbijen are gratefully acknowledged. We are indebted to the {\textquoteleft}Soil Microbiology and Environment Team{\textquoteright} for useful help in the measurement of different parameters in the laboratory. Funding Information: This work is supported by F{\`e}s-Mekn{\`e}s Regional Council under grant number 2016/02/19. M.T. received support from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (Belgium). M.G.C. and M.T. acknowledge the support of CONICYT project REDES150046. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.",
year = "2018",
month = dec,
day = "28",
doi = "10.1098/rsta.2018.0026",
language = "English",
volume = "376",
journal = "Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences",
issn = "1364-503X",
publisher = "The Royal Society",
number = "2135",
}