TY - JOUR
T1 - Obesity is related to maternal periodontitis severity in pregnancy
T2 - a cross-sectional study
AU - Ramírez, Valeria
AU - Weber, Laura
AU - Hernández, Marcela
AU - Realini, Ornella
AU - Bendek, María José
AU - Busso, Dolores
AU - Hoare, Anilei
AU - Illanes, Sebastián Enrique
AU - Chaparro, Alejandra
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2023/9
Y1 - 2023/9
N2 - Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between obesity and periodontitis staging compared with periodontal healthy or gingivitis in pregnant women. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. Sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric, and periodontal variables were studied. The exposure variable was obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30), and the primary outcome was periodontitis staging versus periodontal healthy/gingivitis. Data were analysed and estimated by multinomial logistic regression models. Results: The present study screened 1086 pregnancies and analysed 972 women with a median age of 29 years; 36.8% were diagnosed as obese. 26.9% of patients were diagnosed as periodontal healthy or gingivitis, 5.5% with stage I periodontitis, 38.6% with stage II periodontitis, 24% with stage III periodontitis, and 5.1% with stage IV periodontitis. After identifying and adjusting for confounding variables (educational level and plaque index), obesity had a relative risk ratio (RRR) of 1.66 (95% CI: 1.05–2.64; p = 0.03) and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.09–2.27; p = 0.015) for stage III periodontitis compared to periodontal healthy/gingivitis and stage II periodontitis, respectively. Conclusion: Besides the already known risk indicators for periodontitis (age, smoking, and educational level), our study suggests a relationship between obesity and periodontitis staging in pregnancy. Clinical relevance: Obesity can alter host immune responses, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and overactive host immunity, which could influence the prevalence and severity of maternal periodontitis in pregnancy.
AB - Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between obesity and periodontitis staging compared with periodontal healthy or gingivitis in pregnant women. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. Sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric, and periodontal variables were studied. The exposure variable was obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30), and the primary outcome was periodontitis staging versus periodontal healthy/gingivitis. Data were analysed and estimated by multinomial logistic regression models. Results: The present study screened 1086 pregnancies and analysed 972 women with a median age of 29 years; 36.8% were diagnosed as obese. 26.9% of patients were diagnosed as periodontal healthy or gingivitis, 5.5% with stage I periodontitis, 38.6% with stage II periodontitis, 24% with stage III periodontitis, and 5.1% with stage IV periodontitis. After identifying and adjusting for confounding variables (educational level and plaque index), obesity had a relative risk ratio (RRR) of 1.66 (95% CI: 1.05–2.64; p = 0.03) and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.09–2.27; p = 0.015) for stage III periodontitis compared to periodontal healthy/gingivitis and stage II periodontitis, respectively. Conclusion: Besides the already known risk indicators for periodontitis (age, smoking, and educational level), our study suggests a relationship between obesity and periodontitis staging in pregnancy. Clinical relevance: Obesity can alter host immune responses, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and overactive host immunity, which could influence the prevalence and severity of maternal periodontitis in pregnancy.
KW - Body mass index
KW - Cross-sectional studies
KW - Obesity
KW - Periodontitis
KW - Pregnancy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85165945423&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00784-023-05170-4
DO - 10.1007/s00784-023-05170-4
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85165945423
SN - 1432-6981
VL - 27
SP - 5509
EP - 5518
JO - Clinical Oral Investigations
JF - Clinical Oral Investigations
IS - 9
ER -