TY - JOUR
T1 - Jones fractures in elite athletes—2025 international foot and ankle sports consensus and systematic review
AU - IFASC Committee
AU - Balboni, Julia M.
AU - Semelsberger, Scott D.
AU - Boggiano, Vanessa J.
AU - Webber, Kassidy
AU - Moran, Jay
AU - Mast, Paul
AU - Vasquez, Alberto
AU - Yaramada, Lekha
AU - Abhishek, Kini
AU - Anderson, Robert
AU - Andersen, Mette
AU - Batista, Jorge
AU - Calder, James
AU - Charpail, Christel
AU - Hong, Choon Chiet
AU - Clough, Tim
AU - Forster, Ben
AU - Ferkel, Eric
AU - Ferkel, Richard
AU - Guillo, Stéphane
AU - Hartog, Bryan Den
AU - D'Hooghe, Pieter
AU - Kennedy, John G.
AU - Kerkhoffs, Gino
AU - Lee, Jin Woo
AU - Ling, Jeff
AU - McCollum, Graham
AU - McCullough, Kirk
AU - O'Malley, Martin
AU - Ortiz, Cristian
AU - Pearce, Chris
AU - Porter, David
AU - Prado, Marcelo
AU - Richardson, Damien
AU - Samaila, Elena
AU - Schon, Lew
AU - Spennacchio, Pietro
AU - Stone, Jim
AU - Vannini, Fransceca
AU - Vega, Jordi
AU - Volesky, Monika
AU - Vosseller, J. Turner
AU - Waryasz, Gregory
AU - Yasui, Youichi
AU - Younger, Alastair
AU - Zdanowicz, Urszula
AU - Gianakos, Arianna L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - Purpose: Jones fractures are complex injuries with highly variable treatment paradigms. This study aims to establish an expert consensus with support from a systematic review to guide management of Jones fractures in elite athletes. Methods: A consensus process was conducted using a modified Delphi technique with two rounds of questionnaires. Consensus was defined as 75%–85% agreement, strong consensus as 86%–99% agreement, and unanimous consensus as 100% agreement. In addition, a systematic review was conducted to evaluate nonoperative versus operative management of Jones fractures in athletes. Results: Of 37 total consensus statements, 15 achieved unanimous consensus, 21 achieved strong consensus, and 1 reached consensus. The systematic review included 27 studies consisting of 1056 patients. The majority of fractures with a stress aetiology were treated with open reduction internal fixation (86.4%), with a mean return to sport time of 13.3 ± 4.5 weeks and a complication rate of 8.4%. Treatment failure was highest for stress fractures that were treated nonoperatively (8.2%). Traumatic Jones fractures were treated surgically in 62.7% of cases, with the remaining 37.3% managed conservatively. All patients with traumatic fractures successfully returned to sport at an average of 11.6 ± 2.2 weeks regardless of treatment modality. Treatment failure following traumatic fractures was highest for those treated conservatively (16.1%). Conclusions: The average time to return to sport following Jones fracture was shorter among athletes who were treated surgically compared to those who were treated nonoperatively, regardless of injury aetiology or degree of chronicity. This consensus process reached unanimous agreement with respect to the use of MRI for nondisplaced fractures, the use of CT for comminuted or displaced fractures, indications for minimally invasive techniques, and use of adjunctive bone grafting. Level of Evidence: Level V.
AB - Purpose: Jones fractures are complex injuries with highly variable treatment paradigms. This study aims to establish an expert consensus with support from a systematic review to guide management of Jones fractures in elite athletes. Methods: A consensus process was conducted using a modified Delphi technique with two rounds of questionnaires. Consensus was defined as 75%–85% agreement, strong consensus as 86%–99% agreement, and unanimous consensus as 100% agreement. In addition, a systematic review was conducted to evaluate nonoperative versus operative management of Jones fractures in athletes. Results: Of 37 total consensus statements, 15 achieved unanimous consensus, 21 achieved strong consensus, and 1 reached consensus. The systematic review included 27 studies consisting of 1056 patients. The majority of fractures with a stress aetiology were treated with open reduction internal fixation (86.4%), with a mean return to sport time of 13.3 ± 4.5 weeks and a complication rate of 8.4%. Treatment failure was highest for stress fractures that were treated nonoperatively (8.2%). Traumatic Jones fractures were treated surgically in 62.7% of cases, with the remaining 37.3% managed conservatively. All patients with traumatic fractures successfully returned to sport at an average of 11.6 ± 2.2 weeks regardless of treatment modality. Treatment failure following traumatic fractures was highest for those treated conservatively (16.1%). Conclusions: The average time to return to sport following Jones fracture was shorter among athletes who were treated surgically compared to those who were treated nonoperatively, regardless of injury aetiology or degree of chronicity. This consensus process reached unanimous agreement with respect to the use of MRI for nondisplaced fractures, the use of CT for comminuted or displaced fractures, indications for minimally invasive techniques, and use of adjunctive bone grafting. Level of Evidence: Level V.
KW - elite athlete
KW - Jones fracture
KW - management
KW - treatment
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105027249914
U2 - 10.1002/ksa.70241
DO - 10.1002/ksa.70241
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105027249914
SN - 0942-2056
JO - Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
JF - Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
ER -