Hallux Valgus

Hallux valgus is one of the most common foot deformities. It is very frequent among women and consists of a first metatarsal varus, hallux valgus, and first ray pronation. An inclined joint line can be found as well. Osteotomies are the recommended treatment. Which techniques to choose depends on the deformity severity, presence or absence of first ray pronation, abnormal joint line, and metatarsus adductus. Chevron osteotomy is recommended for intermetatarsal angle up to 14 degrees, with mild or no pronation. PECA osteotomy is recommended for 15-20 degrees of intermetatarsal angle, with mild or no pronation. Promo osteotomy is the technique of choice when moderate or severe pronation is present. When there is tarsometatarsal instability or osteoarthritis, an arthrodesis of the tarsometatarsal joint is recommended (Lapidus technique). Complications, such as hallux valgus relapse, arise when the deformity was not completely addressed, including all variables previously mentioned. Metatarsophalangeal stiffness, nonunion, and infection are complications that can occur with any procedure.