Unraveling the pathogenesis of viral-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension: Possible new therapeutic avenues with mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives.

Sebastián Castillo-Galán*, Valentina Parra, Jimena Cuenca

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe condition characterized by elevated pressure in the pulmonary artery, where metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to its progression. Within the PH spectrum, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) stands out with its primary pulmonary vasculopathy. PAH's prevalence varies from 0.4 to 1.4 per 100,000 individuals and is associated with diverse conditions, including viral infections such as HIV. Notably, recent observations highlight an increased occurrence of PAH among COVID-19 patients, even in the absence of pre-existing cardiopulmonary disorders. While current treatments offer partial relief, there's a pressing need for innovative therapeutic strategies, among which mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their derivatives hold promise. This review critically evaluates recent investigations into viral-induced PAH, encompassing pathogens like human immunodeficiency virus, herpesvirus, Cytomegalovirus, Hepatitis B and C viruses, SARS-CoV-2, and Human endogenous retrovirus K (HERKV), with a specific emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, we explore the underlying rationale driving novel therapeutic modalities, including MSCs, extracellular vesicles, and mitochondrial interventions, within the framework of PAH management.

Original languageEnglish
Article number167519
JournalBiochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease
Volume1871
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords

  • Mesenchymal stromal cells
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction
  • Mitochondrial transplantation
  • Pulmonary arterial hypertension
  • Viral infection

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Unraveling the pathogenesis of viral-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension: Possible new therapeutic avenues with mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives.'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this