TY - JOUR
T1 - Short-term Exposure to Wildfire-Specific PM2.5 and Diabetes Hospitalization
T2 - A Study in Multiple Countries and Territories
AU - Zhang, Yiwen
AU - Xu, Rongbin
AU - Huang, Wenzhong
AU - Morawska, Lidia
AU - Johnston, Fay H.
AU - Abramson, Michael
AU - Knibbs, Luke
AU - Matus, Patricia
AU - Ye, Tingting
AU - Yu, Wenhua
AU - Hales, Simon
AU - Morgan, Geoffrey
AU - Yang, Zhengyu
AU - Liu, Yanming
AU - Ju, Ke
AU - Yu, Pei
AU - Lavigne, Eric
AU - Wu, Yao
AU - Wen, Bo
AU - Zhang, Yuxi
AU - Heyworth, Jane
AU - Marks, Guy
AU - Saldiva, Paulo H.N.
AU - Coelho, Micheline S.Z.S.
AU - Guo, Yue Leon
AU - Song, Jiangning
AU - Guo, Yuming
AU - Li, Shanshan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the American Diabetes Association.
PY - 2024/9
Y1 - 2024/9
N2 - OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations of wildfire fine particulate matter ≤2.5 mm in diameter (PM2.5) with diabetes across multiple countries and territories. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We collected data on 3,612,135 diabetes hospitalizations from 1,008 locations in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, New Zealand, Thailand, and Taiwan during 2000–2019. Daily wildfire-specific PM2.5 levels were estimated through chemical transport models and machine-learning calibration. Quasi-Poisson regression with distributed lag non-linear models and random-effects meta-analysis were applied to estimate associations between wildfire-specific PM2.5 and diabetes hospitalization. Subgroup analyses were by age, sex, location income level, and country or territory. Diabetes hospitalizations attributable to wildfire-specific PM2.5 and nonwildfire PM2.5 were compared. RESULTS Each 10 mg/m3 increase in wildfire-specific PM2.5 levels over the current day and previous 3 days was associated with relative risks (95% CI) of 1.017 (1.011–1.022), 1.023 (1.011–1.035), 1.023 (1.015–1.032), 0.962 (0.823–1.032), 1.033 (1.001–1.066), and 1.013 (1.004–1.022) for all-cause, type 1, type 2, malnutrition-related, other specified, and unspecified diabetes hospitalization, respectively. Stronger associations were observed for all-cause, type 1, and type 2 diabetes in Thailand, Australia, and Brazil; unspecified diabetes in New Zealand; and type 2 diabetes in high-income locations. An estimate of 0.67% (0.16–1.18%) and 1.02% (0.20–1.81%) for all-cause and type 2 diabetes hospitalizations were attributable to wildfire-specific PM2.5. Compared with nonwildfire PM2.5, wildfire-specific PM2.5 posed greater risks of all-cause, type 1, and type 2 diabetes and were responsible for 38.7% of PM2.5-related diabetes hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS We show the relatively underappreciated links between diabetes and wildfire air pollution, which can lead to a nonnegligible proportion of PM2.5-related diabetes hospitalizations. Precision prevention and mitigation should be developed for those in advantaged communities and in Thailand, Australia, and Brazil.
AB - OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations of wildfire fine particulate matter ≤2.5 mm in diameter (PM2.5) with diabetes across multiple countries and territories. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We collected data on 3,612,135 diabetes hospitalizations from 1,008 locations in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, New Zealand, Thailand, and Taiwan during 2000–2019. Daily wildfire-specific PM2.5 levels were estimated through chemical transport models and machine-learning calibration. Quasi-Poisson regression with distributed lag non-linear models and random-effects meta-analysis were applied to estimate associations between wildfire-specific PM2.5 and diabetes hospitalization. Subgroup analyses were by age, sex, location income level, and country or territory. Diabetes hospitalizations attributable to wildfire-specific PM2.5 and nonwildfire PM2.5 were compared. RESULTS Each 10 mg/m3 increase in wildfire-specific PM2.5 levels over the current day and previous 3 days was associated with relative risks (95% CI) of 1.017 (1.011–1.022), 1.023 (1.011–1.035), 1.023 (1.015–1.032), 0.962 (0.823–1.032), 1.033 (1.001–1.066), and 1.013 (1.004–1.022) for all-cause, type 1, type 2, malnutrition-related, other specified, and unspecified diabetes hospitalization, respectively. Stronger associations were observed for all-cause, type 1, and type 2 diabetes in Thailand, Australia, and Brazil; unspecified diabetes in New Zealand; and type 2 diabetes in high-income locations. An estimate of 0.67% (0.16–1.18%) and 1.02% (0.20–1.81%) for all-cause and type 2 diabetes hospitalizations were attributable to wildfire-specific PM2.5. Compared with nonwildfire PM2.5, wildfire-specific PM2.5 posed greater risks of all-cause, type 1, and type 2 diabetes and were responsible for 38.7% of PM2.5-related diabetes hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS We show the relatively underappreciated links between diabetes and wildfire air pollution, which can lead to a nonnegligible proportion of PM2.5-related diabetes hospitalizations. Precision prevention and mitigation should be developed for those in advantaged communities and in Thailand, Australia, and Brazil.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85202789650&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2337/dc24-0703
DO - 10.2337/dc24-0703
M3 - Article
C2 - 39012781
AN - SCOPUS:85202789650
SN - 0149-5992
VL - 47
SP - 1664
EP - 1672
JO - Diabetes Care
JF - Diabetes Care
IS - 9
ER -
