TY - JOUR
T1 - Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age fetuses
AU - Digiulio, Daniel B.
AU - Gervasi, Maria Teresa
AU - Romero, Roberto
AU - Vaisbuch, Edi
AU - Mazaki-Tovi, Shali
AU - Pedro Kusanovic, Juan
AU - Seok, Kimberley S.
AU - Gómez, Ricardo
AU - Mittal, Pooja
AU - Gotsch, Francesca
AU - Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn
AU - Oyarzún, Enrique
AU - Jai Kim, Chong
AU - Relman, David A.
PY - 2010/9/1
Y1 - 2010/9/1
N2 - Objective: Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) has been detected in women with preterm labor, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM), and in patients at term with PROM or in spontaneous labor. Intrauterine infection is recognized as a potential cause of fetal growth restriction; yet, the frequency of MIAC in pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, diversity and relative abundance of microbes in amniotic fluid (AF) of women with an SGA neonate using a combination of culture and molecular methods. Method: AF from 52 subjects with an SGA neonate was analyzed with both cultivation and molecular methods in a retrospective cohort study. Broad-range and group-specific PCR assays targeted small subunit rDNA, or other gene sequences, from bacteria, fungi and archaea. Results of microbiologic studies were correlated with indices of the host inflammatory response. Results: 1) All AF samples (n=52) were negative for microorganisms based on cultivation techniques, whereas 6% (3/52) were positive based on PCR; and 2) intra-amniotic inflammation was detected in one of the three patients with a positive PCR result, as compared with three patients (6.1%) of the 49 with both a negative culture and a negative PCR (P=0.2). Conclusion: MIAC is detected by PCR in some patients with an SGA fetus who were not in labor at the time of AF collection.
AB - Objective: Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) has been detected in women with preterm labor, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM), and in patients at term with PROM or in spontaneous labor. Intrauterine infection is recognized as a potential cause of fetal growth restriction; yet, the frequency of MIAC in pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, diversity and relative abundance of microbes in amniotic fluid (AF) of women with an SGA neonate using a combination of culture and molecular methods. Method: AF from 52 subjects with an SGA neonate was analyzed with both cultivation and molecular methods in a retrospective cohort study. Broad-range and group-specific PCR assays targeted small subunit rDNA, or other gene sequences, from bacteria, fungi and archaea. Results of microbiologic studies were correlated with indices of the host inflammatory response. Results: 1) All AF samples (n=52) were negative for microorganisms based on cultivation techniques, whereas 6% (3/52) were positive based on PCR; and 2) intra-amniotic inflammation was detected in one of the three patients with a positive PCR result, as compared with three patients (6.1%) of the 49 with both a negative culture and a negative PCR (P=0.2). Conclusion: MIAC is detected by PCR in some patients with an SGA fetus who were not in labor at the time of AF collection.
KW - 16S rRNA
KW - FIRS
KW - IL-6
KW - PCR
KW - SGA
KW - chorioamnionitis
KW - cytokines
KW - intra-amniotic infection
KW - intra-amniotic inflammation
KW - molecular microbiology
KW - pregnancy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77956458328&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1515/JPM.2010.076
DO - 10.1515/JPM.2010.076
M3 - Article
C2 - 20482466
AN - SCOPUS:77956458328
SN - 0300-5577
VL - 38
SP - 495
EP - 502
JO - Journal of Perinatal Medicine
JF - Journal of Perinatal Medicine
IS - 5
ER -