Interleukin-35 inhibits alveolar bone resorption by modulating the Th17/Treg imbalance during periodontitis

Emilio A. Cafferata, Claudia Terraza-Aguirre, Romina Barrera, Nicolás Faúndez, Nicolás González, Carolina Rojas, Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez, Marcela Hernández, Paola Carvajal, Cristian Cortez, Fermín E. González, Cristian Covarrubias, Rolando Vernal*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

41 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aim: T lymphocytes play a central role during the pathogenesis of periodontitis, and the imbalance between the pathogenic T-helper type 17 (Th17) and protective T-regulatory (Treg) lymphocytes determines the tooth-supporting alveolar bone resorption. Interleukin (IL)-35 is a novel anti-inflammatory cytokine with therapeutic properties in diseases whose pathogenesis is associated with the Th17/Treg imbalance; however, its role during periodontitis has not been established yet. This study aimed to elucidate whether IL-35 inhibits the alveolar bone resorption during periodontitis by modulating the Th17/Treg imbalance. Materials and Methods: Mice with ligature-induced periodontitis were treated with locally or systemically administrated IL-35. As controls, periodontitis-affected mice without IL-35 treatment and non-ligated mice were used. Alveolar bone resorption was measured by micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy. The Th17/Treg pattern of the immune response was analysed by qPCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry. Results: IL-35 inhibited alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis mice. Besides, IL-35 induced less detection of Th17 lymphocytes and production of Th17-related cytokines, together with higher detection of Treg lymphocytes and production of Treg-related cytokines in periodontitis-affected tissues. Conclusion: IL-35 is beneficial in the regulation of periodontitis; particularly, IL-35 inhibited alveolar bone resorption and this inhibition was closely associated with modulation of the periodontal Th17/Treg imbalance.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)676-688
Number of pages13
JournalJournal of Clinical Periodontology
Volume47
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jun 2020
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Keywords

  • alveolar bone loss
  • interleukin-35
  • periodontitis
  • RANKL
  • T lymphocytes

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