Disruptores endocrinos: relevancia en dermatología y cuidado de la piel

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are natural or synthetic substances capable of altering hormonal function and producing adverse health effects. Their presence in cosmetics and personal care products represents a challenge for dermatology, as the skin acts not only as a barrier but also as an entryand target organ. Exposure occurs mainly through the use of sunscreens, makeup, deodorants, and shampoos, as well as from environmental pollution and occupational contact. Among the most common EDs in dermatology are parabens, phthalates, bisphenol A, triclosan, and benzophenones. Their mechanisms include hormone mimicry, receptor blockade, interference with hormone synthesis and transport, activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and transgenerational epigenetic effects. In dermatology, they are associated with contact dermatitis, acne, atopic dermatitis, pigmentation disorders and skin aging. Recognizing potential EDs and understanding their mechanisms of action are key to preventing systemic and cutaneous diseases. Dermatologists are encouraged to promote ED-free products, prefer mineral sunscreens, and educate patients about the responsible use of cosmetics to reduce cumulative risks.